 Craniofacial
anomalies (CFA) are a group of deformities involving the growth of the head and
facial bones. These anomalies are congenital (present at birth) and vary in type
and severity.
Experts agree that many factors contribute to the development of craniofacial
anomalies.
Some craniofacial anomalies are a result of genetic mutations (multiple genes
are inherited from both parents). Other craniofacial anomalies may be a result
of environmental factors, which scientists do not completely understand.
Research studies continue to focus on the normal gene and how a genetic mutation results in different anomalies. New methods of gene therapy are currently being developed.
Over the past several years, plastic and craniofacial surgeons have developed
new surgical techniques and interventions for the care of the child with a
craniofacial anomaly.
Children with craniofacial anomalies often have multiple problems that
require the expertise of a multidisciplinary team. The multidisciplinary team
provides for the medical, physical, and psychosocial needs of the child and the
family.
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